diff --git a/backend/alembic/env.py b/backend/alembic/env.py
index 7ebf571..e647447 100644
--- a/backend/alembic/env.py
+++ b/backend/alembic/env.py
@@ -21,8 +21,17 @@ if config.config_file_name is not None:
     fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
 
 # Get database URL from settings
-settings = get_settings()
-config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", settings.database_url)
+import os
+
+db_url = os.environ.get("DATABASE_URL")
+if not db_url:
+    raise RuntimeError("DATABASE_URL is not set")
+
+# Alembic sync-only URL
+db_url = db_url.replace("sqlite+aiosqlite://", "sqlite:///")
+db_url = db_url.replace("postgresql+asyncpg://", "postgresql://")
+
+config.set_main_option("sqlalchemy.url", db_url)
 
 # Add your model's MetaData object here for 'autogenerate' support
 target_metadata = Base.metadata